Letter
Letter from Sultan Abul Fath to the King of Denmark, Christian V, 1675
- Title
- eng Letter from Sultan Abul Fath to the King of Denmark, Christian V, 1675
- ind Surat Sultan Abul Fath untuk Raja Denmark, Christian V, 1675
- Contributor
- Christian V (King of Denmark - Recipient / Raja Karistian Kuwaintus)
- Captain Haddalar (Danish Captain / Letter bearer)
- Factor Pahuli (Danish Factor in Keling)
- Factor Mangusyaqub (Danish Factor in Keling)
- Factor Mikel (Former Danish Factor)
- Captain Wilgak (Emissary of Factor Mikel)
- Ian Hendrik (Danish Captain in Keling)
- Captain Riktal (Ship captain carrying pepper)
- Identifier
- RL Malay (Arab) 5 C 63 (Royal Library Copenhagen)
- Place
- Banten, Indonesia
- Format
- European paper (velijn papier - thick and smooth paper without watermark or countermark)
- Extent
- Envelope: 33 x 13 cm (White silk envelope with 4 red wax seals)
- Main Document: 39.7 x 30.7 cm (Text size: 22.5 x 21 cm, 16 lines per page; Right margin text size: 12 x 7 cm, 9 lines)
- Description
- eng A letter written on Monday, 15 Zulkaidah 1085 H (15 February 1675) from Sultan Abul Fath (Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa) of Banten to King Christian V of Denmark. The letter reports misconduct by two Danish factors (pétor), Factor Pahuli and Factor Mangusyaqub, in Keling. They acted dishonestly in trading, failed to report correct copper prices, omitted sending expected goods to the Sultan, and caused unrest. The situation was revealed to the Sultan through information provided by a Danish captain named Ian Hendrik. Additionally, the Sultan acknowledges receipt of a large cannon sent by King Christian V. Written in black ink using Pegon script in the Malay language, featuring an Arabic heading Subḥāna man tanazzaha 'an al-faḥsyā'i ("Glory be to Him Who is free from all evil") and a circular black carbon Banten Sultanate seal on the upper right margin. Enclosed in a white silk envelope sealed with four red wax seals.
- ind Surat yang ditulis pada hari Isynen (Senin), tanggal 15 Zulkaidah tahun Dalawal 1085 H / 15 Februari 1675 dari Sultan Abul Fath (Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa) dari Banten kepada Raja Denmark Christian V. Isinya mengabarkan bahwa dua orang pétor Denmark bernama Pahuli dan Mangusyaqub telah berlaku tidak jujur dalam berdagang dengan negeri Keling, tidak menyebutkan harga tembaga yang benar, tidak menyampaikan barang kiriman untuk Sultan Banten, serta membuat haru-biru. Hal tersebut diketahui oleh Sultan Banten berdasarkan informasi dari seorang kapiten Denmark bernama Ian Hendrik. Sultan juga menyampaikan terima kasih atas penerimaan hadiah sepucuk meriam besar dari Raja Denmark. Teks ditulis dengan tinta hitam menggunakan huruf Pegon berbahasa Melayu. Memiliki kepala surat berbahasa Arab Subḥāna man tanazzaha 'an al-faḥsyā'i ("Mahasuci Dzat yang bersih dari perbuatan keji") serta stempel karbon hitam Kesultanan Banten berbentuk bulat di margin kanan atas. Surat ini dibungkus sampul kain sutra berwarna putih dengan empat buah stempel lilin berwarna merah.
- Provenance
- Royal Library Copenhagen (Archive section, record number: RL Malay (Arab) 5 C 63).
- Subject
- Diplomatic letter
- Banten Sultanate
- Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
- Sultan Abul Fath
- Christian V
- Denmark-Banten relations
- Trade dispute
- Copper trade
- Factor misconduct
- Keling
- Pegon script
- Bibliographic Citation
- Pudjiastuti, T. (2007). Perang, dagang, persahabatan: surat-surat Sultan Banten. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, pp. 36-39.